The 6th century in England was a time of transformation, marked by the continued decline of Roman influence and the rise of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. While much of this era’s history remains enigmatic, several fascinating sites provide a glimpse into its past. From ancient ruins to legendary landmarks, here are the best 6th-century establishments in England to visit.
1. Hadrian’s Wall and Birdoswald Roman Fort
Location: Cumbria and Northumberland
Though originally built by the Romans in the 2nd century, Hadrian’s Wall remained a crucial frontier into the 6th century as the last vestiges of Roman rule persisted. Birdoswald Roman Fort is one of the best-preserved sites along the wall, offering insights into how Britons and remaining Roman communities defended against the growing influence of Anglo-Saxon settlers. Walk along the ancient wall, explore the fort’s ruins, and visit the museum to learn about life during this transitional period.
2. Wansdyke
Location: Wiltshire and Somerset
Wansdyke is an extensive earthwork that likely dates to the early medieval period, possibly built as a defensive structure against Saxon incursions. Stretching for miles across the English countryside, it is a remarkable feat of early medieval engineering. Walking along Wansdyke offers not only a connection to 6th-century Britain but also breathtaking views of the surrounding landscape.
3. Tintagel Castle
Location: Cornwall
Often associated with the legendary King Arthur, Tintagel Castle has origins that stretch back to the 5th and 6th centuries when it was an important stronghold of post-Roman rulers in Cornwall. Excavations have uncovered evidence of high-status trade with the Mediterranean, suggesting it was a significant political and economic center during this time. The dramatic coastal setting makes it one of England’s most atmospheric historic sites.
4. Cadbury Castle
Location: Somerset
This Iron Age hillfort was reoccupied in the 6th century and has long been linked to Arthurian legends as the possible location of Camelot. Excavations have revealed evidence of a major settlement during this time, including fortifications and trade artifacts. Climbing to the top of Cadbury Castle rewards visitors with panoramic views of the Somerset countryside.
5. St. Martin’s Church, Canterbury
Location: Canterbury, Kent
While much of England’s early Christian architecture has disappeared, St. Martin’s Church remains the oldest church in continuous use in England. Originally a Roman-era building, it was used by early Christian communities and played a role in the spread of Christianity in the 6th century before becoming the first church of St. Augustine’s mission in 597 AD. The church provides an incredible link to the religious transformation of early medieval England.
Final Thoughts
Though the 6th century was a period of significant change, its impact can still be felt across England’s landscapes. Whether exploring ruined fortresses, walking ancient earthworks, or visiting one of the oldest churches in the country, these sites offer a fascinating journey into an era of transition, mystery, and legend. For history enthusiasts, they are must-visit destinations that bring the early medieval period to life.