In Azerbaijan, social customs are influenced by Islamic traditions, Soviet heritage, and local Azerbaijani culture. While Azerbaijanis are generally hospitable and welcoming, certain behaviors can be considered rude or inappropriate. Here’s what to avoid:
1. Not Greeting Properly
Azerbaijanis value respectful greetings, especially for elders. A handshake is common between men, often with the right hand placed over the heart as a sign of sincerity. Women may greet each other with a handshake or a light kiss on the cheek, but a man should not initiate a handshake with a woman unless she offers first.
2. Ignoring Hospitality
Hospitality is a core value in Azerbaijan. Refusing food, tea, or an invitation to someone’s home without a polite excuse can be seen as disrespectful. If offered tea, it’s customary to accept at least one cup.
3. Being Too Direct or Confrontational
Azerbaijanis prefer indirect communication and value politeness. Being overly blunt, criticizing someone publicly, or raising your voice can be seen as rude. Disagreements should be handled diplomatically and with patience.
4. Public Displays of Affection (PDA)
While holding hands between friends of the same gender is normal, hugging, kissing, or other public displays of affection between couples are frowned upon, especially in rural areas.
5. Disrespecting Elders
Azerbaijanis show great respect for elders. Not giving up your seat for an older person on public transport, interrupting them, or failing to greet them properly is considered rude.
6. Talking Loudly in Public
While Azerbaijani culture is warm and expressive, speaking too loudly in public places, especially on public transport or in restaurants, can be considered impolite.
7. Discussing Sensitive Topics
Avoid discussing politics, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, religion, or criticizing the government unless you’re speaking with someone who brings up the topic first. These issues can be deeply personal and emotional.
8. Dressing Too Casually in Certain Settings
While major cities like Baku are modern and fashionable, dressing too casually (like wearing shorts and flip-flops in formal places) may be seen as disrespectful, especially in mosques, government offices, or during formal events.
9. Using the Left Hand for Giving or Eating
Traditionally, the right hand is preferred for eating, shaking hands, and giving or receiving gifts. Using the left hand can be considered impolite, especially when handing someone food or money.
10. Taking Photos Without Permission
Always ask before taking photos of people, particularly women, police, or military personnel. Taking photos of government buildings or sensitive areas can lead to trouble.
11. Expecting Strict Punctuality
Azerbaijani time is somewhat flexible, and social events often start late. However, for business meetings, being on time is expected.
12. Refusing to Toast During a Meal
Toasts are an important part of Azerbaijani dining culture, especially during gatherings. Not raising your glass or not responding with “Sağ olun” (Cheers) can seem impolite.
13. Not Respecting Religious Practices
Although Azerbaijan is a secular country, Islam still plays a cultural role. Entering a mosque without removing shoes, dressing inappropriately, or being disruptive during prayer times can be offensive.
14. Pointing Your Feet at Someone
Pointing your feet directly at a person, especially an elder, is considered disrespectful. Sitting with the soles of your feet facing someone should be avoided.
By understanding and respecting these customs, visitors can build positive relationships with locals and enjoy a smoother experience in Azerbaijan.